Russian Federation
UDK 614.77 Влияние почвы и ее испарений на здоровье. Санитария почвы
UDK 613.5 Гигиена жилых и общественных зданий
UDK 614.876 Воздействие ионизирующего излучения, например радиоактивности
The article presents the results of a radiation-hygienic assessment of the contribution to the total effective radiation dose to the population of the radon-hazardous territory (town of Lermontov, Stavropol Region) of the aerosol-unattached fraction of the radon and thoron decay progeny after inhalation of them. Research on this topic was carried out in the Russian Federation for the first time. The article also assesses the possible contribution of the source of anthropogenic radioactive contamination of the surrounding area – the tailings storage facility of JSC «Hydrometallurgical Plant»
mining and processing of uranium ores, tailings storage facility, radon and thoron, volume activity, equivalent activity, aerosol-unattached fraction of the radon decay progeny, effective radiation dose
1. Miklyaev P.S., Petrova T.B., Schitov D.V., Sidyakin P.A., Cebro D.N. Dinamika vybrosa radona iz shtolen byvshego uranovogo rudnika na sklonah gory Beshtau//ANRI. 2022. №№4(111). S. 44-60.
2. Krupkin A.B., Aref'eva D.V., Firsanov V.B., Petushok A.V. Ocenka sostoyaniya okruzhayuschey sredy i effektivnosti reabilitacionnyh meropriyatiy v rayone raspolozheniya hvostohranilischa// ANRI. 2022. №№3(110). S. 61-67.
3. Miklyaev P.S., Petrova T.B., Marennyy A.M., Schitov D.V., Sidyakin P.A., Murzabekov M.A.O genezise radonovyh anomaliy v zonah tektonicheskih razlomov//ANRI. №№1(100). 2020. S. 3-15.
4. Miklyaev P.S., Marennyy A.M., Capalov A.A., Petrova T.B. Kompleksnye monitoringovye issledovaniya formirovaniya radonovyh poley gruntovyh massivov. Osnovnye rezul'taty//ANRI. №№4(91). 2017. S. 2-22.
5. Paholkina O.A., Zhukovskiy M.V., Yarmoshenko I.V., Vereyko S.P. Ocenka srednegodovyh i srednih mnogoletnih znacheniy EROA radona v pomescheniyah//ANRI. 2010. №№2(61). S. 50-55.
6. Metodika ekspressnoy ocenki srednegodovoy ekvivalentnoy ravnovesnoy ob'emnoy aktivnosti radona i torona v vozduhe pomescheniy razlichnogo naznacheniya. Metodicheskie ukazaniya, MU 2.6.1.01-05. M., 2005.
7. Metodika vypolneniya izmereniy ekvivalentnoy ravnovesnoy ob'emnoy aktivnosti radona-222 i radona-220 i ee sostavlyayuschey, obuslovlennoy neprisoedinennoy frakciey dochernih produktov raspada, v vozduhe pomescheniy razlichnogo naznacheniya. FR.1.38.2011.10024. MVI. SPb., 2011.
8. Raschet summarnoy effektivnoy dozy oblucheniya naseleniya radonoopasnyh territoriy s uchetom neprisoedinennoy k aerozolyam frakcii dochernih produktov radona i torona. Metodicheskie ukazaniya, R FMBA Rossii 06.043-2016. M., 2015.
9. W. Jacoby, «Relations between the inhaled potential a-energy of 222Rn and 220Rn daughters and theabsorbed in the bronchial and pulmonary region», Health Phys, vol. 236, no. 1, pp. 3-11, 1972.
10. G. Butterweck, Ch. Shuler, G. Vezzu, et al. «Experimental determination of the absorption rate of unattached radon progeny from respiratory tract to blood», Ibid., vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 219-348, 2002. hvostohranilische nazvannogo vyshe predpriyatiya. Radioaktivnoe zagryaznenie vozduha voznikaet v rezul'tate postoyannyh vybrosov s ego territorii pyli, gazov i radioaktivnyh aerozoley, v kotoryh soderzhatsya soedineniya urana, toriya i radiya, a takzhe radon. Issledovaniyami ustanovleno, chto doza ot DPR radona i ih neprisoedinennoy frakcii dlya naseleniya v rezul'tate nahozhdeniya v zhilyh pomescheniyah prevyshala 5 mZv§god v 80% obsledovannyh pomescheniy i dohodila do 20 mZv§god. Potencial'no vozmozhnaya doza ot DPR radona i ih neprisoedinennoy frakcii v obsledovannyh shkolah goroda Lermontova prevyshala 5 mZv§god v 57% pomescheniy i dohodila do 17,8 mZv§god. Privedennye vyshe ocenki svidetel'stvuyut, chto potencial'no vozmozhnye dozy, poluchaemye naseleniem ot naslediya dobychi urana, to est' ob'ektov GMZ (hvostohranilische), maly po sravneniyu s dozami, poluchaemymi vo vremya nahozhdeniya v zdaniyah ot DPR prirodnogo radona i ih neprisoedinennoy frakcii. Vypolnennye ranee v ryade shkol radonozaschitnye meropriyatiya okazalis' nedostatochno effektivnymi. Poluchennye rezul'taty svidetel'stvuyut o neobhodimosti razrabotki kompleksnoy programmy po snizheniyu effektivnoy dozy oblucheniya naseleniya, a takzhe vypolneniya dopolnitel'nyh radonozaschitnyh meropriyatiy kak v zdaniyah obschestvennogo naznacheniya, tak i v zhilom fonde goroda Lermontov Stavropol'skogo kraya.
11. Kornilov A.N., Ryabchikov S.G. Othody uranodobyvayuschey promyshlennosti. M.: Energoatomizdat, 1992. 168 s.
12. Obosnovanie napravleniy sovershenstvovaniya sistemy sanitarno-gigienicheskogo obespecheniya bezopasnyh usloviy truda na predpriyatiyah, obsluzhivaemyh FMBA Rossii, povysheniya kachestva okazaniya medicinskoy pomoschi personalu, a takzhe obespecheniya mediko-ekologicheskogo blagopoluchiya v rayonah ih raspolozheniya. Izuchenie gigienicheskih osobennostey usloviy truda, sostoyaniya zdorov'ya personala predpriyatiy atomnogo sudostroeniya i sudoremonta, mediko-ekologicheskaya ocenka prirodnoy sredy i zdorov'ya naseleniya, prozhivayuschego v rayonah raspolozheniya likvidirovannyh i pereprofilirovannyh ob'ektov uranodobyvayuschey promyshlennosti: otchet o NIR (zaklyuchitel'nyy) FGUP NII PMM; ruk. Krupkin A.B., SPb., 2012.
